Gastroenterology & Hepatology — Flashcards

Flashcard 491: When monitoring chronic hepatitis B do LFTs every _____ & hepatic US every 6 months

Answer: 6 months

Flashcard 492: Hepatitis B serology: _____ is positive when there is immunity from previous infection or vaccination

Answer: Hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs)

Flashcard 493: Hepatitis A serology with +ve HAV-IgM & +ve HAV-IgG indicates _____

Answer: acute hepatitis A infection

Flashcard 494: Hepatitis B serology: HbsAg _____ Anti-HBs -ve Anti-HBc -ve = susceptible

Answer: -ve

Flashcard 495: Hepatitis B serology: _____ is positive when there is current infection (acute or chronic)

Answer: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)

Flashcard 496: Approximately _____% of infants born to HBeAg positive mothers will develop chronic hepatitis B if no immunoprophylaxis is given.

Answer: 90

Extra: Chronic Hepatitis B infection risk by age of acquisition: - Neonates (vertical transmission): ~90% risk of chronicity. - Children (1-5 years): 30-50% risk. - Adults: <5-10% risk (most adults clear the virus successfully).

Flashcard 497: Hepatitis B serology: HbsAg _____ Anti-HBs -ve Anti-HBc IgM +ve = Acute Hepatitis B

Answer: +ve

Flashcard 498: Hepatitis B serology: HbsAg _____ Anti-HBs +ve Anti-HBc -ve = previous vaccination

Answer: -ve

Flashcard 499: Hepatitis A is transmitted via the _____

Answer: faecal-oral route

Flashcard 500: What investigatory result helps distinguish between alcoholic hepatitis and viral hepatitis?

Answer: AST:ALT ratio. - **Alcoholic hepatitis**: Ratio > 2:1 (AST is usually <300-500 IU/L). - **Viral hepatitis**: Ratio ~ 1:1 (Both AST and ALT are markedly elevated, often >1000 IU/L, with ALT > AST).