Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 361: What is the management of asymptomatic mitral stenosis? _____

Answer: Active monitoring with regular echocardiogram

Flashcard 362: ECG with an _____ pulse and absent P waves is characteristic of atrial fibrillation

Answer: irregularly, irregular

Flashcard 363: An ECG may show _____ in mitral regurgitation

Answer: broad, notched P waves

Flashcard 364: CXR of a patient with mitral regurgitation may show _____

Answer: cardiomegaly

Flashcard 365: Atrial fibrillation may present with _____, dyspnoea, & chest pain

Answer: palpitations

Flashcard 366: Mitral stenosis commonly presents with _____ and rarely haemoptysis due to pulmonary HTN

Answer: exertional dyspnoea

Flashcard 367: Cardiac output can be increased in patients with mitral regurgitation by giving _____ or insertion of an intra-aortic balloon pump

Answer: positive inotropes

Flashcard 368: Auscultation of mitral regurgitation reveals a _____ murmur heard best at the apex.

Answer: pansystolic

Flashcard 369: AF secondary to mitral stenosis is managed with _____ and corresponding rate control (BB)

Answer: warfarin

Flashcard 370: The target INR for a _____ mitral valve is 2.5-3.5

Answer: mechanical

Extra: For native mitral stenosis with atrial fibrillation or prior systemic embolism, the target INR is 2.0-3.0. The higher range (2.5-3.5) is reserved for mechanical mitral prostheses.