Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 21: Is Risk of Falls or Old age sufficient reasoning to withhold anticoagulation in AF _____

Answer: No

Flashcard 22: In patients with hypertension not controlled on 3 drugs, before adding a 4th drug (Resistant Hypertension), one should first: _____

Answer: Confirm clinic BP with ABPM/HBPM, Assess postural hypotension, & Discuss Adherence

Extra: According to NICE guidelines, resistant hypertension is defined as BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg despite optimal doses of an ACEi/ARB + CCB + Thiazide-like diuretic. Before adding a 4th agent (usually low-dose Spironolactone), clinicians must confirm measurement accuracy, rule out postural hypotension, and ensure medication adherence.

Flashcard 23: Buerger's Disease is strongly associated with _____

Answer: smoking

Flashcard 24: ARVC is generally regarded as the _____ after HOCM

Answer: second most common cause of sudden cardiac death in the young

Flashcard 25: The most common ASD is _____

Answer: ostium secundum

Flashcard 26: The Right Side of the heart has an oxyen saturation of around _____

Answer: 70%

Flashcard 27: An atrial rate of 300/min with a 2:1 AV node block, the ventricular rate will be _____

Answer: 150/min

Flashcard 28: Dihydropyridines are indicated in conditons such as: _____

Answer: Hypertension Angina Raynaud's

Flashcard 29: The side-effects of Beta-blockers include (Mnemonic: FACES): _____

Answer: F - Fatigue A - Avoid in Asthmatics (Bronchospasm) C - Cold Peripheries E - Erectile Dysfunction S - Sleep Disturbances

Flashcard 30: In about 50% of those with ARVC an _____ is found on ECG described as a terminal notch in the QRS complex

Answer: Epsilon Wave