Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 281: _____ is the most common cause of non-traumatic cardiac tamponade

Answer: Malignancy

Extra: Malignant disease (Lung CA, Breast CA, Lymphoma) is the most common cause of non-traumatic cardiac tamponade. Other causes include idiopathic pericarditis, uremia, and tuberculosis (most common in developing countries).

Flashcard 282: Brugada syndrome is more prevalent in _____ descent with an estimated occurrence of ~1 in 2,000-5,000

Answer: Asian

Flashcard 283: Cardiac tamponade classically has a \"_____\" appearance on CXR

Answer: water-bottle

Flashcard 284: What is the management of Brugada syndrome? _____

Answer: Implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD)

Flashcard 285: _____ syndrome is a genetic cardiac disorder that causes sudden cardiac death, most commonly caused by a SCN5A gene mutation which encodes for cardiac Na+ channel proteins

Answer: Brugada

Flashcard 286: What is the most worrisome complication of Brugada syndrome? _____

Answer: Sudden cardiac death

Flashcard 287: What is the initial investigation for Brugada syndrome? _____

Answer: ECG

Flashcard 288: What is the recommended pharmacological management for a hemodynamically stable Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome patient with atrial fibrillation? _____ or Ibutilide/Flecainide

Answer: Procainamide

Extra: Procainamide or Ibutilide are preferred for stable patients. *CRITICAL:* Avoid AV nodal blockers (ABCD: Adenosine, Beta-blockers, Calcium channel blockers, Digoxin) because they may enhance conduction through the accessory pathway, potentially leading to Ventricular Fibrillation. Unstable patients require immediate electrical cardioversion.

Flashcard 289: _____ syndrome is a genetic disorder that allows abnormal conduction to occur in the heart, via an accessory pathway

Answer: Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW)

Flashcard 290: What is the initial investigation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy? _____

Answer: ECG