Cardiology UK Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Cardiology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Cardiology Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 171: Murmur heard with Coarctation of Aorta?
Answer: Continuous or late systolic murmur (heard over the back)
Extra: In Coarctation of the Aorta, the murmur is often heard in the left infraclavicular area and the back (scapular region). It is typically systolic but can become continuous if the narrowing is severe or if there is extensive collateral circulation.
Flashcard 172: Name the common thiazide-like diuretics used in the management of hypertension.
Answer: Indapamide, Chlorthalidone, Metolazone
Extra: Thiazide-like diuretics (e.g., Chlorthalidone, Indapamide) have a longer half-life and are more potent than true thiazides (e.g., Hydrochlorothiazide, Bendroflumethiazide). They lack the benzothiadiazine core but share the same mechanism of inhibiting the Na+/Cl- symporter in the distal convoluted tubule.
Flashcard 173: What is the main mechanism of simvastatin?
Answer: Inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase
Extra: Statins (like simvastatin) competitively inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in hepatic cholesterol synthesis. This leads to an upregulation of LDL receptors on the surface of hepatocytes, increasing the clearance of LDL from the plasma.
Flashcard 174: Beta-Blockers should not be prescribed concurrently with:
Answer:
• Verapamil
*Can increase risk of complete heart block
Flashcard 175: What is complete dissociation between P waves and QRS complexes a sign of?
Answer:
• Complete Heart Block
Flashcard 176: When is secondary statin prevention indicated?
Answer:
• When they've had an event already, and need to prevent a second event from happening again
Flashcard 177: How do you measure the QT interval on ECG?
Answer:
• Time between start of the Q wave and the end of the T wave
Flashcard 178: Patient develops acute heart failure 5 days after a MI, new pan-systolic murmur is noted, diagonsis?
Answer:
• Ventricular Septal Defect
Flashcard 179: What antibiotic would interact with statins?
Answer:
• Clarithromycin (macrolide)
Flashcard 180: What is Trifascicular Block?
Answer:
• RBBB
• Left - Axis Deviation
• + 1st-Degree Heart Block
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