Common Infections — Flashcards

Flashcard 141: What is the first-line management for esophageal candidiasis? _____

Answer: Oral Fluconazole (systemic -azole)

Extra: - **First-line:** Oral Fluconazole (200–400 mg) for 14–21 days. - **Fluconazole-refractory:** Itraconazole solution or Voriconazole. - **Severe/unresponsive:** Echinocandins (e.g., Caspofungin) or Amphotericin B.

Flashcard 142: The most common organism associated with bacterial vaginosis is _____

Answer: Gardnerella vaginalis

Flashcard 143: _____ & trichomoniasis both cause an ↑ vaginal pH > 4.5

Answer: Bacterial vaginosis

Flashcard 144: On wet mount microscopy, motile trophozoites are seen in _____

Answer: Trichomonas vaginalis

Flashcard 145: Trichomonas vaginalis presents with a _____-smelling discharge

Answer: foul

Flashcard 146: +ve amine whiff test is when drops of 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) is added to vaginal discharge on a slide → this releases volatile amines producing the characteristic _____ odour

Answer: fishy

Flashcard 147: What is the initial investigation for Trichomonas vaginalis?

Answer: Swab for wet mount microscopy; motile trophozoites observed

Flashcard 148: Candidiasis can present as _____, oropharyngeal candidiasis, oesophageal candidiasis, mammary candidiasis & systemic infection

Answer: vulvovaginal candidiasis

Flashcard 149: What is the management for asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis in non-pregnant women? _____

Answer: No treatment necessary

Extra: Treatment for asymptomatic BV is indicated in: 1. Pregnant patients (to prevent complications like preterm birth). 2. Patients undergoing gynecologic procedures (e.g., hysterectomy, surgical abortion) to decrease risk of post-op infection.

Flashcard 150: What is the management for trichomonas vaginalis? _____

Answer: Metronidazole (FYI, this is ideally treated in sexual health clinics)