Cardiovascular System — Flashcards

Flashcard 71: The influx of calcium during the plateau phase of a myocardial action potential triggers release of Ca2+ from the _____, causing myocyte contraction

Answer: sarcoplasmic reticulum

Flashcard 72: _____ septal defect leads to an increased O2 saturation in the RV and pulmonary artery

Answer: Ventricular

Flashcard 73: An increased TPR causes the cardiac output to _____ and venous return to decrease

Answer: decrease

Flashcard 74: When Reynolds' number is _____, there is a greater tendency for turbulent blood flow

Answer: increased

Flashcard 75: Depolarization proceeds from the _____cardium to the epicardium in an intact cardiac muscle.

Answer: endo

Flashcard 76: A(n) _____ in TPR causes a clockwise rotation of the vascular function curve

Answer: increase

Extra: An increase in Total Peripheral Resistance (TPR) increases the resistance to venous return, decreasing the slope of the vascular function (venous return) curve. This results in a clockwise rotation around the X-intercept (Mean Systemic Filling Pressure). Conversely, a decrease in TPR causes a counterclockwise rotation.

Flashcard 77: _____ are a type of blood vessel with the highest resistance in the cardiovascular system

Answer: Arterioles

Flashcard 78: Primary hypertension is related to increased _____ and TPR

Answer: cardiac output

Flashcard 79: _____ is released from ventricular myocytes in response to increased tension

Answer: B-type (brain) natriuretic peptide (BNP)

Flashcard 80: Inspiration delays closure of the _____ valve which causes splitting of the S2 heart sound

Answer: pulmonic