Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Toxicity — Flashcards

Flashcard 321: Zoledronate use has been associated with _____toxicity.

Answer: nephro

Flashcard 322: The most characteristic congenital defect due to warfarin in APLA mothers is _____

Answer: chondrodysplasia punctata

Flashcard 323: _____ is an approved intravenous drug for the treatment of methotrexate toxicity

Answer: Glucarpidase

Flashcard 324: In some drugs related to rare diseases or oncology, phase _____ studies are considered as pivotal.

Answer: II

Flashcard 325: Which muscle relaxant is preferred in a patient of liver and kidney disease?_____

Answer: Atracurium/cis-atracurium

Flashcard 326: Cyclosporine induced cholestasis is due to inhibition of the _____ transporter.

Answer: BSEP (Bile Salt Export Pump) :: or ABCB11

Extra: Cyclosporine-induced cholestasis is primarily due to the inhibition of the **Bile Salt Export Pump (BSEP)**, also known as **ABCB11**. This transporter is responsible for the secretion of bile salts from hepatocytes into the bile canaliculi. Inhibition leads to the accumulation of bile acids within the liver cells, causing cholestasis.

Flashcard 327: Which component of quadruple regimen may cause blackening of stools and black hairy coated tongue?_____

Answer: Bismuth subcitrate

Flashcard 328: Shoulder-hand syndrome is associated with the use of _____.

Answer: Isoniazid

Flashcard 329: Which anti-malarial can deposit in the retina?_____

Answer: Chloroquine

Flashcard 330: What type of cataract is seen with most drugs?_____

Answer: Subcapsular