Antimicrobial Agents — Flashcards

Flashcard 271: _____ with Streptomycin are used to treat the plague caused by Yersinia pestis

Answer: Doxycycline

Flashcard 272: Among aminoglycosides, _____ has the highest and streptomycin has the least nephrotoxicity.

Answer: neomycin

Extra: Order of nephrotoxicity for aminoglycosides: Neomycin (highest) > Gentamicin > Tobramycin > Amikacin > Streptomycin (least).

Flashcard 273: _____ and Pneumocystis jirovecii are treated prophylactically in HIV patients with Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)

Answer: Toxoplasmosis

Flashcard 274: Apart from Benzathine penicillin, treatment of syphilis can also be done with: _____ 500 mg qid for 14 days

Answer: Tetracycline or Erythromycin

Extra: Doxycycline (100 mg BID for 14 days) is currently the preferred oral alternative for penicillin-allergic patients with primary or secondary syphilis. Tetracycline (500 mg QID) and Erythromycin (500 mg QID) for 14-15 days are other alternatives.

Flashcard 275: Rifampicin _____ once a month + dapsone 100mg daily + clofazimine 300mg once a month and 50 mg daily is used to treat leprosy in adults and children older than 14 years

Answer: 600mg

Flashcard 276: What is the treatment for a UTI caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa?_____

Answer: Ciprofloxacin

Flashcard 277: _____ is an irreversible beta-lactamase inhibitor that is combined with the ampicillin (an aminopenicillin) (Unasyn).

Answer: Sulbactam

Flashcard 278: Rifampin can be remembered by the 4 R's: 1. _____ inhibitor 2. Ramps up microsomal CYP450 3. Red/orange body fluids 4. Rapid resistance if used alone

Answer: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase

Flashcard 279: Which two anti-influenza drugs inhibit virion release? _____

Answer: Oseltamivir and Zanamivir

Flashcard 280: Patients with MRSA pneumonia are treated with: _____ + Fluoroquinolone/β-lactam + Macrolide/Doxycycline + Clindamycin

Answer: Linezolid/Vancomycin