Antimicrobial Agents — Flashcards

Flashcard 151: Salmonella _____ has a live, attenuated vaccine

Answer: typhi

Flashcard 152: Cephalosporins (and other _____ antibiotics) mimic the D-ala-D-ala sequence of peptidoglycans, binding irreversibly to penicillin binding protein transpeptidases

Answer: beta-lactam

Flashcard 153: Lack of thymidine-kinase to phosphorylate acyclovir explains why the drug is not effective in _____ and EBV

Answer: CMV

Flashcard 154: When treating **Chlamydia trachomatis**, in which situations is **Azithromycin** preferred over Doxycycline? - Patients who are _____ - Treatment of Trachoma (Serotypes A-C) - Patients with expected poor compliance (due to single-dose regimen)

Answer: pregnant

Extra: CDC Guidelines Update: **Doxycycline** (100 mg BID for 7 days) is now the preferred first-line treatment for urogenital *Chlamydia trachomatis* (serotypes D-K). **Azithromycin** (1g single dose) is recommended as an alternative when compliance is a concern and remains the first-line treatment in **pregnancy**. *Chlamydia* serotypes: - **A-C**: Trachoma (Leading cause of preventable blindness) - **D-K**: Urogenital infections, Neonatal conjunctivitis/pneumonia - **L1-L3**: Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)

Flashcard 155: Linezolid has activity against resistant organisms, including _____ and VRE

Answer: MRSA

Flashcard 156: Which two anti-influenza drugs inhibit neuraminidase (NA)? _____

Answer: Oseltamivir and Zanamivir

Flashcard 157: _____ is used to treat which 3 protozoal infections?GiardiaEntamoeba HistolyticaTrichomonas

Answer: Metronidazole

Flashcard 158: The fluoroquinolones _____ and moxifloxacin can be used to treat Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus spp. (community-acquired pneumonia)

Answer: levofloxacin

Flashcard 159: Cell wall synthesis inhibitors used in the treatment of S. aureus folliculitis, abscesses_____

Answer: Anti-staph penicillins (nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin etc.)

Flashcard 160: _____ and Vancomycin are used in the empiric treatment of meningitis

Answer: Ceftriaxone