Neurology — Flashcards

Flashcard 21: Which procedure should be performed in the first episode of seizures with fever for all infants < 6 months of age?

Answer: Lumbar puncture (LP)

Extra: In infants < 6 months of age presenting with their first episode of febrile seizure, clinical signs of meningitis (e.g., neck stiffness, Kernig's/Brudzinski's signs) are often absent. Therefore, a lumbar puncture is mandatory to rule out CNS infection. Guidelines for LP in Febrile Seizure: 1. **Mandatory:** Infants < 6 months. 2. **Considered:** Infants 6-12 months if immunization for Hib/S. pneumoniae is incomplete or if they have received prior antibiotics (which can mask symptoms). 3. **Optional:** Children > 12 months (only if signs of meningitis are present).

Flashcard 22: _____ syndrome is characterised by salaam spells (sudden dropping of the head and flexion of arms)

Answer: West

Flashcard 23: What type of endemic cretinism is associated with squint and spastic diplegias?_____

Answer: Neurological

Flashcard 24: Do antipyretics reduce the risk of recurrent febrile seizures in a child?_____

Answer: No

Flashcard 25: Abnormal respiration with periods of hyperventilation is a characteristic feature of _____ syndrome

Answer: Rett

Flashcard 26: _____ is a group of disorders, affecting movement or posture, due to non-progressive disturbances occurring in the developing fetal or infant brain

Answer: Cerebral palsy

Flashcard 27: Infantile epileptic spasm occurs as an age-specific seizure disorder, before the age of _____

Answer: one

Flashcard 28: Tuft of hair over the lumbosacral region in a newborn can be a presentation of occult spinal _____

Answer: dysraphism

Flashcard 29: Is early or late age of onset a risk factor for recurrent febrile seizures?_____

Answer: Early

Flashcard 30: Breath-holding spells are associated with _____tonia

Answer: hypo