Neonatology — Flashcards

Flashcard 151: Breast_____ jaundice is seen due to decreased milk intake with dehydration and/or reduced caloric intake.

Answer: feeding

Flashcard 152: What is the next step in management of a preterm infant at risk for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?_____

Answer: CPAP at birth

Flashcard 153: Neonates born to a mother who had a chikungunya infection in the _____ trimester may present with classic central facial pigmentation

Answer: last

Flashcard 154: The cut-off for the treatment of neonatal hypoglycemia is a plasma glucose level of:

Answer: < 45 mg/dL

Extra: Neonatal hypoglycemia is defined as a plasma glucose level < 45 mg/dL. Note: Plasma glucose levels are approximately 15% higher than whole blood glucose levels. Most modern protocols and standard textbooks (e.g., Nelson, Ghai) utilize the 45 mg/dL threshold for defining and initiating management of hypoglycemia in the newborn.

Flashcard 155: Is neonatal hepatitis an intrahepatic or extrahepatic cause of cholestasis?

Answer: Intrahepatic

Flashcard 156: If a newborn is NOT term, is NOT breathing/crying, or has POOR muscle tone, the next step is to provide the _____

Answer: Initial steps of resuscitation (Warm, position airway, suction if needed, dry, and stimulate)

Extra: According to the Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) 8th Edition, the three initial assessment questions are: 1. Term gestation? 2. Good muscle tone? 3. Breathing or crying? If the answer to any of these is 'No', the infant is moved to a radiant warmer for the initial steps. If the answer to all three is 'Yes', the infant can stay with the mother for routine care (warmth, airway positioning, clearing secretions, drying).

Flashcard 157: What is the axillary temperature range for **Mild hypothermia (Cold stress)** in neonates?

Answer: 36.0°C to 36.4°C

Extra: Management of **Cold stress** includes skin-to-skin contact (KMC) and extra clothing/head covering. **WHO Classification of Neonatal Hypothermia (Axillary Temperature):** • **Normal:** 36.5°C to 37.5°C • **Mild (Cold stress):** 36.0°C to 36.4°C • **Moderate:** 32.0°C to 35.9°C • **Severe:** < 32.0°C

Flashcard 158: What parameters are considered in resuscitation of non-vigorous newborns with meconium-stained amniotic fluid?_____

Answer: HR, RR and Tone

Flashcard 159: The most important organ involved in congenital tuberculosis is the _____.

Answer: liver

Flashcard 160: An increase in the expanded new Ballard score by 5 points corresponds to an increase of _____ weeks gestational age.

Answer: 2