Gynecological Disorders — Flashcards

Flashcard 81: Septate uterus is associated with an **(absence/presence)** of an external fundal indentation on laparoscopy or MRI.

Answer: Absence

Extra: A **septate uterus** has a normal external fundal contour (convex, flat, or an indentation <1 cm). In contrast, a **bicornuate uterus** is characterized by a prominent external fundal indentation (cleft) >1 cm. This distinction is key for differentiating the two anomalies on laparoscopy or MRI.

Flashcard 82: The diagnosis of red degeneration of fibroid is confirmed via _____

Answer: USG

Flashcard 83: Class _____ of Mullerian duct anomalies include uterine hypoplasia or uterine agenesis

Answer: I

Flashcard 84: A pap smear is done _____ performing a vaginal examination

Answer: before (before/after)

Flashcard 85: Discharges from the nipple:From more than one duct (purulent):-_____

Answer: infection

Flashcard 86: At what time of the menstrual cycle is an MRI recommended for breast cancer?_____

Answer: Second week

Flashcard 87: Cytobrush is used to take samples from the _____

Answer: endocervix

Flashcard 88: Pedunculated subserosal or submucosal fibroids are a(n) _____ contraindication to uterine artery embolisation

Answer: relative

Flashcard 89: Management of a Class II Pap smear that persists after 3 months of treatment for infection is to do _____

Answer: Colposcopy

Extra: Class II in the old Papanicolaou classification indicates inflammatory or reactive changes. The management algorithm is: 1. Treat any underlying infection. 2. Repeat Pap smear in 3–6 months. 3. If persistent Class II (or higher), the next step is **colposcopy** to rule out underlying CIN. *Note: The Papanicolaou system is largely replaced by the Bethesda system (e.g., ASC-US, LSIL).*

Flashcard 90: Surgical mx. for an unruptured ectopic is done with a _____ when the family is incomplete and the patient desires to retain fertility, or the contralateral tube is abnormal

Answer: salpingostomy