Endocrinology — Flashcards

Flashcard 31: Hypoparathyroidism is most commonly a result of _____, or less commonly may be autoimmune or congenital

Answer: thyroid surgery

Flashcard 32: _____ hyperaldosteronism is characterized by high aldosterone and high renin

Answer: Secondary

Flashcard 33: The glucocorticoids are administered _____ initiating thyroid replacement because thyroid hormones can precipitate acute adrenal insufficiency.

Answer: before

Flashcard 34: _____ tumors are testicular sex cord stromal tumors that produce estrogens or androgens, causing gynecomastia (men) or precocious puberty (boys)

Answer: Leydig cell

Flashcard 35: In secondary/tertiary adrenal insufficiency, the metyrapone stimulation test results are _____ ACTH with decreased 11-deoxycortisol

Answer: decreased

Flashcard 36: Which endocrinopathy can present with depression?_____

Answer: Addison's

Flashcard 37: In Addison disease, the level of ACTH is _____ due to loss of negative feedback inhibition by cortisol.

Answer: increased

Flashcard 38: Symptomatic patients with insulinoma have _____ blood glucose and high C-peptide levels

Answer: low

Flashcard 39: 17-hydroxylase deficiency presents with _____ (K+) and hypertension (blood pressure)

Answer: hypokalemia

Flashcard 40: Hypothyroidism presents with _____ because thyroid hormone normally increases the expression of LDL receptors.

Answer: hypercholesterolemia

Extra: Thyroid hormone normally increases the expression of LDL receptors on hepatocytes, which facilitates the clearance of LDL from the circulation. In hypothyroidism, the decreased expression of these receptors leads to reduced LDL clearance and subsequent hypercholesterolemia.