Infectious Diseases — Flashcards

Flashcard 71: _____% cases of zika are asymptomatic

Answer: 80

Extra: 

Flashcard 72: **Mosquito Spotter** Habits: Fresh water breeding, spotted wings, sits at 45° angle - Identify: _____ - Disease: Malaria

Answer: Anopheles Mosquito

Extra: Anopheles mosquitoes are distinguished by their resting position (at an angle to the surface) and spotted wings. They primarily breed in clean/fresh water collections. Contrast with Culex: - Resting position: Parallel to surface - Wings: Unspotted - Breeding: Polluted/dirty water (usually)

Flashcard 73: 1. **Identify** the mosquito (shown on back): _____ 2. **Habits**: Daytime biter; breeds in artificial water collections 3. **Spreads**: Dengue, Chikungunya, Yellow Fever

Answer: Aedes (Tiger) mosquito

Extra: Aedes mosquitoes are known as "Tiger mosquitoes" due to their characteristic black and white striped appearance. They typically bite during the day (dawn and dusk) and are known for "container breeding" in man-made objects.

Flashcard 74: Most common site of hospital-acquired infection is the _____ (often associated with long-term urinary catheters).

Answer: urinary tract

Flashcard 75: Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are effective for a period of _____

Answer: 3 years

Flashcard 76: Rapid Diagnostic Kits (RDTs) for malaria are particularly useful in _____ states due to high prevalence.

Answer: North Eastern

Flashcard 77: 1. Identify → _____ 2. Features → _____ 3. Spreads → _____

Answer: Hard ticks (Ixodidae)

Flashcard 78: countries hyper endemic for dengue are

Answer: india pakistan bangladesh

Extra: 

Flashcard 79: _____ is the most sensitive indicator for filaria prevalence

Answer: Microfilaria rate

Extra: Microfilaria rate (Mf rate) is the percentage of people with microfilaria in their blood. It is considered a more sensitive indicator of current infection/prevalence than the disease rate, as clinical signs (elephantiasis, hydrocele) develop much later.

Flashcard 80: A person with a history of malaria should be deferred from **donating blood** for a period of _____

Answer: 3 years

Extra: According to WHO and Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, individuals with a history of malaria are deferred from blood donation for 3 years after they become asymptomatic. In some national guidelines (like NBTC India), this period may be shorter (e.g., 3 months after recovery), but the 3-year rule is the standard academic answer for competitive exams.