Immunization and Vaccine-Preventable Diseases — Flashcards

Flashcard 81: 1. Identify → _____ 2. Type of vaccine & diluent → _____ 3. Dose, Route and Schedule → _____

Answer: BCG Vaccine (For TB)

Extra: BCG Vaccine Details: - Dose: 0.05 ml for neonates (up to 1 month); 0.1 ml for infants (>1 month). - Route: Strictly intradermal (ID) using an Omega/Tuberculin syringe. - Site: Left upper arm (to standardize and facilitate identification of the BCG scar). - Diluent: Normal Saline (0.9% NaCl). Distilled water should NOT be used as it causes irritation and is toxic to the bacilli. - Storage: 2–8°C; must be protected from light and used within 4 hours of reconstitution.

Flashcard 82: 2nd priority for immunisation in rubella outbreak is _____

Answer: children aged 1-14 years

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Flashcard 83: Equipment: _____ Use: Transport of vaccines from PHC to sub-center and back

Answer: Vaccine Carrier

Flashcard 84: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) regimen for rabies vaccine is:

Answer: 3 doses (on days 0, 7, and 21 or 28)

Extra: Current National Rabies Control Program (NRCP) guidelines in India recommend a 3-dose Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) schedule. Note: WHO 2018 guidelines updated this to a 2-dose regimen (0, 7).

Flashcard 85: _____ VAPP occurs in a unvaccinated and non immune child

Answer: contact

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Flashcard 86: Dosing of Vi polysaccharide typhoid vaccine

Answer: Single dose (0.5 mL) starting at 2 years of age

Extra: Revaccination is required every 3 years. Typhoid Vaccine Comparison: 1. Vi Polysaccharide: ≥ 2 years; booster every 3 years. 2. TCV (Conjugate): ≥ 6 months; single dose. 3. Ty21a (Live Oral): ≥ 6 years; 3-4 doses (alternate days).

Flashcard 87: 1. Identify the vaccine (shown on back) → _____ 2. Vaccine type → _____ 3. Diluent for reconstitution → _____ 4. Status in India's National Immunization Schedule → _____

Answer: MMR Vaccine (Measles, Mumps, & Rubella)

Extra: In India, the National Immunization Schedule (NIS) uses the MR (Measles-Rubella) vaccine (doses at 9-12 months and 16-24 months). The MMR vaccine is recommended by the IAP for use in the private sector.

Flashcard 88: 1st dose of JE is given at _____ and 2 nd at _____

Answer: 9 months

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Flashcard 89: 9410e351ba964e8daea21362c9e72e54-ao-1

Answer: national immunisation schedule

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Flashcard 90: The Universal Immunization Program (UIP) in India currently targets _____ vaccine-preventable diseases.

Answer: 12

Extra: Initially, the UIP included 7 diseases (Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio, Measles, TB, and Hepatitis B). It has since expanded to 12. While 11 vaccines are administered nationally, the Japanese Encephalitis (JE) vaccine is administered in endemic districts.