Epidemiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 281: Which mosquito(s) can cause JE, West Nile fever and viral arthritis?_____

Answer: Culex

Flashcard 282: _____ is defined as the proportion of clinical cases resulting in severe clinical manifestations, including death.

Answer: Virulence

Flashcard 283: Case fatality rate is an _____ proportion and not actual rate

Answer: incidence

Flashcard 284: What is the change in PPV when sensitivity/specificity increase?_____

Answer: Increases

Flashcard 285: _____ is the proportion of freshly-fed female Anopheline mosquitoes whose stomach contains human blood

Answer: Human Blood Index

Flashcard 286: Surveillance indicators for AFP: Sensitivity of surveillance - At least _____ case(s) of non-polio AFP should be detected annually per 1,00,000 population aged < 15 years.

Answer: 2 (Two)

Flashcard 287: AIDS associated with Kaposi sarcoma is also known as the _____ variant

Answer: epidemic

Flashcard 288: When the prevalence of trachoma in an area is <5%, _____ strategy is employed

Answer: No mass antibiotic treatment (MDA not required)

Flashcard 289: During the year 2021-2022, India reported an ANCDR of Leprosy of  _____/1 lakh population.

Answer: 5.52

Extra: According to the NLEP (National Leprosy Eradication Programme) Annual Report 2021-22: - **ANCDR (Annual New Case Detection Rate)**: 5.52 per 1,00,000 population. - **Prevalence Rate**: 0.45 per 10,000 population. - **Child Case Rate**: 5.09% (this is the percentage of new cases that are children). - **Grade 2 Disability (G2D) Rate**: 1.63 per million population. Note: The previous answer of 5.09 was actually the Child Case Percentage, not the ANCDR.

Flashcard 290: _____ is a method of removing confounding factors by restricting the study sample to only those participants with particular characteristics

Answer: Restriction