Nucleic Acid Biochemistry — Flashcards

Flashcard 51: Besides its role in **thymidine** production, **THF** is also involved in the formation of _____, as well as some amino acids

Answer: purine nucleosides

Flashcard 52: In response to DNA damage, p53 initially attempts to _____ the cell cycle and facilitates the activity of DNA repair enzymes. Bonus: What does p53 induce that inhibits the cell cycle?

Answer: halt

Flashcard 53: _____ is found in telomeres with parallel four-stranded DNA and has high guanine content.

Answer: G-quartet DNA

Flashcard 54: RNA polymerase _____ makes rRNA

Answer: I

Flashcard 55: _____ polymerase requires an RNA primer to initiate synthesis, which is complementary and antiparallel to the DNA template.

Answer: DNA

Extra: DNA polymerase requires a free 3'-OH group to begin adding nucleotides; this is provided by an RNA primer synthesized by primase (an RNA polymerase).

Flashcard 56: The enzyme which adds _____ to 3' ends of chromosomes to avoid loss of genetic material with every duplication is known as Telomerase

Answer: TTAGGG

Flashcard 57: Recognition and facilitation of excision of _____ occur via enzymes found on two genes: MSH2 (MutS) or MLH1 (MutL)

Answer: mismatched nucleotides

Flashcard 58: Glutamine-PRPP amidotransferase (purine synthesis) is regulated by negative feedback via _____, IMP, and GMP

Answer: AMP

Flashcard 59: UDP is converted to _____ via the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase (pyrimidine synthesis)

Answer: dUDP

Flashcard 60: Misincorporation of uracil into DNA is seen in the deficiency of _____

Answer: folate