Obesity: Biochemical Aspects — Flashcards

Which metabolic pathways require an obligate activator? 1. _____2. Urea cycle

Increased glucagon (fasting) leads to increased cAMP and protein kinase A, thus _____ activity of FBPase-2 and decreasing activity of PFK-2

In starvation, the enzyme 5'-deiodinase is _____ in tissues such as skeletal muscle, but not inhibited in the other tissues, such as the brain

During fasting and starvation, the priority is to supply sufficient glucose to the _____ and RBCs while preserving protein

Effect of diabetes on hepatic glycolysis: no answer _____ - No PFK-2 due to lack of insulin - No glucose trapping in liver leads to elevated blood glucose (hyperglycemia)

_____ deficiency causes a buildup of pyruvate that gets shunted to lactate (via LDH) and alanine (via ALT)

Increased NADH/NAD+ (e.g. due to ethanol) causes increased conversion of _____ -> malate, thus preventing gluconeogenesis

Glucagon causes _____ fatty acid synthesis and increased lipolysis, which shunts substrates towards gluconeogenesis

Glucagon acts on the _____ (primarily) and adipose tissue

Thyroid hormone increases the processes of _____, gluconeogenesis, proteolysis, and lipolysis, all of which may provide sources of ATP