Respiratory and Airway Management Indian Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Respiratory and Airway Management with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Respiratory and Airway Management Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 41: _____ faced Ring-Adair-Elwyn (RAE) endotracheal tube is preferred for oral and dental surgeries
Answer: North
Flashcard 42: HFNC _____ the positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and reduces the work of breathing
Answer: increases
Flashcard 43: Thiopentone produces dose-related central respiratory depression, producing a characteristic ventilatory pattern called '_____''
Answer: double apnea
Flashcard 44: What is the recommended tidal volume (Vt) for standard lung-protective mechanical ventilation?
Answer: 6-8 mL/kg of Ideal Body Weight (IBW)
Extra: Lung-protective ventilation aims to prevent volutrauma and ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). It is critical to calculate the volume based on **Ideal Body Weight (IBW)** based on height and gender, rather than actual weight, to avoid overdistension. In patients with ARDS, even lower volumes (4-6 mL/kg IBW) are recommended.
Flashcard 45: If an airway fire occurs during laser airway surgery, it should be extinguished with _____
Answer: saline
Flashcard 46: On capnography, a progressive increase in the EtCO2 plateau height (while maintaining a normal waveform shape) represents: _____
Answer: Hypoventilation
Extra: Hypoventilation results in CO2 retention, which manifests on capnography as a progressive increase in the height of the EtCO2 plateau. Conversely, hyperventilation leads to a decrease in EtCO2 levels.
Flashcard 47: For laser airway sx, the concn of inspired O2 should be as _____ as possible
Answer: low
Flashcard 48: Which anesthetic technique/agent is often preferred for maintenance during laser airway surgery to minimize the risk of airway fire?
Answer: Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TIVA) with Propofol
Extra: Maintenance with volatile agents (e.g., Sevoflurane, Isoflurane) is also acceptable as they are non-flammable. However, **TIVA with Propofol** is often preferred to facilitate lower oxygen concentrations and tubeless techniques (e.g., high-frequency jet ventilation or spontaneous ventilation).
**Key Laser Safety Points:**
1. **Avoid Nitrous Oxide (N2O):** It supports combustion.
2. **Low FiO2:** Keep oxygen concentration at the minimum required (usually <30%).
3. **Laser-resistant ETT:** If using a tube, use a specially wrapped or copper/stainless steel tube with saline in the cuff.
Flashcard 49: A biphasic or "dual-peak" capnography waveform (double-sloped expiratory plateau) is characteristic of:
Answer: Single lung transplant
Extra: A biphasic or "dual-peak" capnogram (double-sloped expiratory plateau) occurs in single-lung transplant patients because the native and transplanted lungs have different compliance and resistance (different time constants), leading to asynchronous emptying.
Flashcard 50: What is the most important treatment step of opioid intoxication?_____
Answer: Airway protection and ventilatory maintenance
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