Anesthetic Equipment and Monitoring — Flashcards

Flashcard 91: _____ faced Ring-Adair-Elwyn (RAE) endotracheal tube is preferred for nasal and ophthalmic surgeries

Answer: South

Flashcard 92: Methylene blue will lead to a falsely _____ in reading on pulse oximeter

Answer: decreased

Flashcard 93: Which anesthetic equipment malfunction is characterized by a capnography waveform showing an **elevated baseline** and a **prolonged Phase III** (alveolar plateau)?

Answer: Expiratory valve malfunction

Extra: Incompetence of either the inspiratory or expiratory valve results in rebreathing of CO2, manifested as an **elevated baseline** (the CO2 level does not return to zero during inspiration). An **expiratory valve malfunction** specifically results in a prolonged Phase III (alveolar plateau) and an elevated baseline because exhaled gas is drawn back from the expiratory limb during inspiration.

Flashcard 94: _____ is a type of cutting needle

Answer: Quincke-Babcock

Flashcard 95: Flow-control valve is a part of the _____ pressure system of the anesthesia machine

Answer: intermediate

Extra: The anesthesia machine is divided into three pressure systems: 1. **High-Pressure System:** Receives gas from cylinders. - Components: Hanger yoke, Yoke block, Cylinder pressure gauge, Cylinder pressure regulator. 2. **Intermediate-Pressure System:** Receives gas from the pipeline (50 psi) or cylinder regulator. - Components: Pipeline inlets, Pressure gauges, Oxygen pressure failure devices (Fail-safe), Oxygen flush valve, Second-stage regulator, **Flow-control valves**. 3. **Low-Pressure System:** Downstream of the flow-control valves. - Components: Flowmeter tubes, Vaporizers, Check valves, Common gas outlet.

Flashcard 96: Oxygen supply failure alarm is a part of the _____ pressure system of the anesthesia machine

Answer: intermediate

Flashcard 97: Inhaled anesthetics like _____ can interact with dry CO2 absorbents (such as dessicated soda lime) and lead to production of CO

Answer: Desflurane

Flashcard 98: The capnographic waveform shows an elevated inspiratory baseline, which depicts _____.

Answer: rebreathing

Flashcard 99: The _____ flowmeter is located downstream of the others in a flowmeter sequence

Answer: oxygen::Gas

Flashcard 100: Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is typically inserted _____

Answer: blindly (without direct vision)